Make sure the cream cheese, sour cream, and eggs are at room temperature for a silky smooth texture.
Increase the oven to 500 degrees F.
Using a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment, beat the cream cheese, salt, and one half of the sugar on medium-low speed for about 1 minute, until combined.
Beat in remaining sugar and beat until combined, about 1 minute. Scrape the paddle and the bowl well.
Add sour cream, lemon juice, and vanilla and beat at low speed until combined, about 1 minute. Scrape the paddle and the bowl well.
Add egg yolks and beat until combined, about 1 minute. Scrape the paddle and the bowl well.
Add whole eggs, two at a time, and beat for about 30 seconds after each addition, scraping the paddle and the bowl after each addition.
Strain filling in a wire mesh strainer set over a bowl.
Tap bowl on the counter several times so that any large air bubbles come up.
Brush the sides of the springform pan with butter and place on a baking sheet. Pour the filling into the pan and set aside for 10 minutes, allowing any air bubbles to rise to the top. Pop any unpopped bubbles with a fork.
Bake in a 500 degree F oven, checking with an oven thermometer, for 10 minutes.
Reduce the temperature to 200 degrees F and continue to bake until the center of the cheesecake registers 150 degrees F on an instant-read thermometer, about 1 ½ hours.
Keep an eye on the oven thermometer to be sure the temperature is dropping to 200 degrees F. If it doesn't drop, crack the oven door open until the 200 degrees is reached.
Place the pan on a cooling rack for 5 minutes, then run a knife around the cake to loosen it from the edges of the pan. Allow to cool to room temperature, 2 ½-3 hours.
Wrap tightly in plastic wrap and refrigerate until cold and firmly set, at least 6 hours.